GCIR Reports - Language Acquisition

  • The Asian American Justice Center
    2007

    This piece offers an in-depth look at pressing language barriers facing the estimated 2.23 million adults in this country who are Limited English Proficient (LEP)—and how best to solve them. It provides background information about issues concerning English speakers of Other Languages (ESOL), identifies promising program practices, and highlights policy priorities for increasing adult English learners’ access to high-quality ESOL courses.

  • U.S. Census Bureau
    2006

    This publication provides national- and state-level data from the 2000 Census on who speaks English and who does not, broken down by type of household, age of householder, education, and income.

  • Mora, Maria
    2003

    English language ability is correlated with a worker's wages, and limited English proficient (LEP) workers who improve their communications abilities by acquiring better English skills are shown to have greater economic mobility.  These notes, from a presentation in Denver, provide an overview of recent research on the economics of language and looks at the potential implications for LEP workers.

  • Gershberg, Alan, Anne Danenberg, and Patricia Sanchez
    2004

    This study draws lessons for other states from the program and policy landscape of immigrant education in California, which is home to 40 percent of the nation’s ELLs. It assesses the national controversy surrounding “bilingual” versus English-only education. Detailed policy recommendations include addressing significant challenges immigrant students face aside from learning English: reducing stigmatization of immigrant and ELL students, fostering parental participation, dealing with legal and immigration-related issues, and helping children navigate the school system and access health care.

  • Alba, Richard
    2005

    This study examines the linguistic assimilation of children of immigrants, comparing the historical experience with the current trends of these populations.  It finds that since 1960, English is almost universally accepted by the children and grandchildren of immigrants, and that by the third generation, only a minority in any group maintains bilingualism.

  • English is almost universally accepted by the children and grandchildren of the immigrants who have come to the US in great numbers since the 1960s, which means these children have high levels of linguistic assimilation. Moreover, by the third generation (grandchildren of immigrants), only a minority in any group maintains bilingualism.

  • Gonzalez, Arturo
    2007

    This report examines the discrepancy between California's goal of providing free English classes and the reality that the current funding system for providing classes is about 30 years out of date. During those 30 years, the state's immigrant population has exploded. The gap between goal and reality has created an excessive financial burden on some local school districts--which provide most of the state's English as a Second Language (ESL) classes--and may be forcing other districts to turn away immigrants who want to learn English.

  • Linda M. Espinosa
    2008

    Dual-language programs for children age three to eight may be better than English-only programs for the cognitive, academic, social, and cultural development of children who speak a language other than English at home.

  • Linda M. Espinosa
    2008

    Dual-language programs for children aged three to eight may be better than English-only programs for the cognitive, academic, social, and cultural development of children who speak a language other than English at home.

  • Advocates for Children of New York and the New York Immigration Coalition
    2002

    Creating a Formula for Success: Why English Language Learner Students Are Dropping Out of School, and How to Increase Graduation Rates

    This report uses school data and student focus groups to assess why increasing numbers of English language learners (ELLs) in New York City dropped out of school after the state adopted higher graduation standards. Recommendations include: 1) targeting middle and high schools where 248 ELLS are underperforming; 2) implementing new strategies to reach students at high risk because they arrive in the United States as teenagers; 3) improving instruction in both ESL and core classes as well as increasing the number of teachers certified for ESL and bilingual instruction; 4) implementing a language access policy to enable immigrant parents to participate more actively in their children's education.

  • Christopher Connell, additional writing and editing by Fred Tsao.
    2009

    Illinois' English education system is broken. ESL enrollments are falling, funding is shrinking, and students are not gaining the English skills they need to fully contribute to our economy and society. ICIRR's new report, Empty Promises: The Unmet Need for English Instruction Across Illinois, documents these failures, but also points to successful community initiatives that are helping immigrant learners move forward. Our state needs a new vision and new investment in English to build the coherent effective adult education system that will prepare our state for the 21st century economy.

    The report was underwritten through the generous support of the Joyce Foundation.

  • Richer, Elise
    2003

    The study identifies who the limited English speakers in the United States are, and explains how they differ from immigrants in general and why TANF and WIA providers should be concerned about them. The author makes these suggestions: bilingual staff should be hired when possible; English language, literacy and numeracy training should be integrated with job training; and that existing education and training programs be adapted to include limited English speakers.

  • Fremstad, Shawn
    2003

    This paper reviews data on how immigrants fare under the work-focused, time-limited Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program. It also discusses policy implications of research showing that many immigrants who remain on welfare rolls have significant barriers to employment, including limited proficiency in English and low skill levels.

  • Alba, Richard
    2004

    Analyzes 2000 Census data on languages spoken at home by school-age children in newcomer families, and finds that English is almost universally accepted by the children and grandchildren of the immigrants who have come to the United States in great numbers since the 1960s, similar to earlier generations of immigrants.

  • Wrigley, Heide Spruck, Elise Richer, Karin Martinson, Hitomi Kubo, & Julie Strawn
    2003

    More than eight million working-age adults in the United States—5 percent of all adults—speak English poorly or do not speak it at all. Immigrant populations, many of them limited English proficient, are going to be essential for the growth of the U.S. workforce in the years to come. This study recommends improving the resources for language and job training available to LEP populations. It Ddescribes the demographics and economic circumstances of low-income LEP adults; profiles successful language and job training services available to them, including a summary of research findings on employment programs for low-skilled adults; and recommends policies and practices that can help LEP adults gain access to higher-paying jobs.

  • Shin, Hyon B. and Rosalind Bruno
    2003

    This report, part of a series that presents population and housing data collected in the 2000 Census, Ppresents data on language spoken at home and the ability of people ages five and over to speak English. I t describes population distributions and characteristics for the United States, as well as regions, states, counties, and selected places with populations of 100,000 or more.

  • Gonzalez, Libertad

    This paper applies the theoretical literature on nonparametric bounds on treatment effects to the estimation of how limited English proficiency (LEP) affects wages and employment opportunities for Hispanic workers in the U.S. The author stresses the interactions between LEP and education, occupation, and immigration status.